Blog for students taking ECEN5807 Modeling and Control of Power Electronics, ECEE Department, University of Colorado at Boulder, Spring 2013
Thursday, May 5, 2011
HW13 Simulink Model
Thursday, April 28, 2011
18.14 Vcontrol
18.14 ripple
Wednesday, April 27, 2011
HW12 Spice simulation not converging
Regards,
Nitish
18.10b.ii
Equation 18.55 to 18.56
Chapter 18 Question (Equation 18.55)
I do not see how you go from equation 18.55 to equation 18.56.
when I take the Laplace of equation 18.55 I get:
L*s*ig(s)= vg(s)-d'(s)*V
now I thought V is a constant. How do I get rid of the vg(s) term, and put the equation in the form of ig(s)/d(s) = V/(s*L) ????????????
thanks
Mark
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
18.14 output voltage dynamics
When we came up with the linearized model for the feedforward boost rectifier in class, we neglected any changes in v_hat and assumed the output voltage to be basically DC. This led to a simple G_id(s) which I used for the current loop in the problem. However, this is not sufficient for the voltage loop of the problem since it is trying to regulate variations in output voltage. Does it make sense to be using a different small signal model to solve the different loops in the circuit? I was thinking about using the same average equations as in 18.3 but assuming that the input current is a perfectly regulated DC signal and deriving a new small signal model from there. Does this approach seem reasonable?
Monday, April 25, 2011
18.10a
HW13 question a
Sunday, April 24, 2011
HW12 prob. 8.14 (shouldn't ramp slope of PWM be negative?)
Any comments would be appreciated.
Nitish
Chapter 18 Question
Saturday, April 23, 2011
HW12 Prob1
Thursday, April 21, 2011
HW 11, Prob 2
HW#10 prob.1 solution
I am aving trouble understanding the solution posted for HW10 prob. 1:
The solution states: Tc(fci) = (Rf*Gio*Ki/VM)*fo^2/(fz*fci) = 1. I do not understand how this expression was arrived at. It appears as though (Rf*Gio*Ki/VM) was assumed to be equal to the flat gain, say, Tco, of the compensator. I don't see how that is true. Even if it were true, I don't see how the rest of the expression makes sense.
I can see that (fci/fi)*(fi/fo)^2 = Tco, the flat gain of the compensated loop gain. However, one cannot know Tco without knowing the fi (the zero of thecompensator)….so there are three unknowns here (fi, fci and Tco).
My thinking would be: Choose fi first (say, for instance, fi = fci/10)….and assume fci = fs/5 = 200/5 = 40kHz. Then fi = 4kHz. Once we know fi, onlythen we can get Tco and then determine fci.
I would really appreciate if someone can shed light on this (or perhaps the grader or the student who did the solution).
Regards,
Nitish
Tuesday, April 19, 2011
HW11 Problem 1
The fundamental difference for the buck-boost compared to the boost is that the inductor current is not equal to i_g, but rather only equal to i_g when the MOSFET is on and equal to the output current otherwise.
I used the normal buck-boost conversion ration to determine my d(t) equation, and I replaced d(t) in the inductor current equation with this. Then I calculated the CCM boundary by < delta i_L(t). This is a little more complicated then the boost since in the boost =
Basically, I am getting a value for R_e,crit that is a function of Ts, L, and R. It is not dependent on V or v_g so it creates a hard boundary for CCM/DCM. This doesn't seem right. Does anyone see where my approach might be wrong?
Thursday, April 14, 2011
HW10 Problem 1 Spice simulation
Tuesday, April 12, 2011
HW10 Prob 1
Saturday, April 9, 2011
New Edtion of text book?
Is there any estimate of when the new edition would be made available?
thanks
Mark
Friday, April 8, 2011
Thursday, April 7, 2011
any way to re-create a schematic using .cir files from HW7 solution ?
Wednesday, April 6, 2011
SPICE Boost
I was having trouble getting a fast enough op-amp for my comparator to handle the sawtooth at 200kHz. I found an op-amp that has a good enough gbw, but the slew rate kills everything and I cant turn the MOSFET on.
Any thoughts?
danny
Tuesday, April 5, 2011
HW9 P1 - Voltage Loop Gain
Monday, April 4, 2011
HW 9 part(c)...do we use model(4) results that match 2nd order Pade approx, sampled data model results?
Saturday, April 2, 2011
HW10 Boost ACM (a)
I'm thinking it has something to do with the minimum voltage of the sawtooth. I've read the papers on ACM posted online, and Dixon makes it seem like the slopes need to be the focus, though we have no control over these.
The problem does say to just sketch the "waveshape," so perhaps numbers are not important?
Anyways, can anyone point me in the right direction?
Thanks,
Danny
Friday, April 1, 2011
IEEE 1547 standard used in USA for connecting distributed sources to the power grid
Thursday, March 31, 2011
Lecture 28 Slide 9
Tuesday, March 29, 2011
line commutated rectifier applications
In lecture 30, it was mentioned that the chapter on line commutated rectifiers may be eliminated as they don’t provide power factor correction (PFC) and thus not much used. I talked to Prof. Maksimovic about that statement and he clarified that there are indeed applications where such rectifiers are well suited for relative simplicity, low cost, or power levels. I would like to take this opportunity to mention one such application.
The application I am familiar with is where the ac voltage is not from the power line, but from an alternator (for instance, the generator in a small wind turbine system). The alternator source has no PFC requirement, per se, as it is isolated from the power grid. In such systems, the simple (line commutated type) rectifier is used to convert the variable frequency ac output of the wind turbine generator, i.e., alternator, to (variable) DC, which is then boosted and then inverted to power line AC (for connection to the power grid). The line commutated rectified DC is generally boosted using a simple conventional boost circuit. That boost circuit does provide some power factor correction action. As a result, the alternator current no longer looks like current spikes (when the rectifier diodes conduct), but actually with a nice current waveform (although, not quite sinusoidal). In my experience, the generator current lags the generator voltage by no more than, say, 15degrees, in the worst case (which is generally under light loads and also depends on the generator winding inductance and resistance). With such a design, one does has to be careful about the alternator current waveform at various operating powers. Even though there is no requirement for PFC, it is important that the alternator current waveform be not too much distorted or too much out of phase with the alternator voltage, as it results in torque ripple and acoustic effects. High current harmonic content may also lead to excessive loss in the windings.
Component differences in peak vs. avg. current mode control?
Wednesday, March 23, 2011
HW8 Prob 2
Friday, March 18, 2011
Midterm Exam Solution?
I do not see one, nor do I see anyway to get a PW for it on the CU Learn.
thanks
Mark
Friday, March 11, 2011
HW 7 Spice solution , part D link ?
thanks
Mark
Thursday, March 10, 2011
HW7 Prob2(b)
Wednesday, March 9, 2011
Post replies
Tuesday, March 8, 2011
HW7 Problem 1 Zout
Sunday, March 6, 2011
HW 7 problem 2 steady state
solving DCM buck, and boost for M
I do not understand how to solve these for M (M= output Volage/Vg in steady state). The buck-boost on page417 was easy.
Can anyone help me to understand how to solve for these?
thanks
Mark
Thursday, March 3, 2011
HW5, prob.1, determination of s^2 numerator zero contributed by L2C1
In HW5, problem 1, I cannot seem to determine the s^2 numerator zero contributed by L2,C1. For determining the first order zero contributed by C1, I assumed a samll resistance 'r' in series with L2 and the result was: v^test/i^test = r. Now, to determine the zero contributed by L2C1 together, I have set C1 as short (abnormal) and put the test source across L2 (with shorted L1 represented by a small resistance 'r') . I was expecting the resistance see would be 1/r....but I cannot get that.
Any hints would be useful.
Regards,
nitish
Wednesday, March 2, 2011
Null Loop Gain Question
Problem 11.1
are we supposed to derive a model of the switches for DCM?
The problem does not actually say to do that, however part 1 is a step in that direction.
thanks
Mark
Lecture 21 Quesion?
thanks
Mark
Tuesday, March 1, 2011
prob. 11.1(e); Lp =0; does Re become 0? which means j1 and j2 = infinity?
In prob. 11.1(e); Lp =0; Does that allow us to make Re = 0 as it has Lp in its Numerator ? Making Re=0 would make j1 and j2 = infinity as they have Re in their denominator.
Any comments would be useful.
Thanks,
Nitish
DCM waveform levels for the buck-boost converter (fig. 11.3)
In fig. 11.3, the buck-boost converter DCM waveform levels are shown in terms of instantaneous values of vg and v....but shouldn't they be written in terms of their average values ,vg> and
For example, v2(t) waveform level during interval d1Ts is shown to be vg-v. But shouldn't it be
Also, eqn. 11.1 should be written as ipk =
I would appreciate any comments.
Regards,
Nitish Agrawal
General Feedback Theorem
lecture 18, slide 34 (when expressed in terms of R, L, C....)
I did not understand the lecture 18, slide 34 summary statement, "when expressed in terms of R, L, C, and M (not D), the small signal transfer functions are he same in DCM and in CCM".
Can anyone shed light on this?
Regards,
Nitish
Monday, February 28, 2011
Digital Control Question
I read in the past, that one of the benefits of Digital Control was that you could change the coefficients in the last minute of production, but I was wondering if you could have an algorithm where one changes the coefficients during run time?
thanks
Mark
HW 7 - Simulation of G_vg and Zout
HW #5 Solution?
I do not understand the first line of the solution. I do see that the secondary voltage, referred to the primary is -vtest(D'/D) .
Also, for the s^3 pole term, I got a value R/(1+D/D')^2. I have attached that, I do not see any error in that, which does not agree with the HW solution.
thanks
Mark
HW6 Problem 1
Sunday, February 27, 2011
DCM boost converter example
Saturday, February 26, 2011
CCM-DCM2 Model
Did anyone find the model of CCM-DCM2 work? I can't get the output with this model.
Friday, February 25, 2011
Chapter 8, Factoring Polynomials
Must *ALL* inequalities be true to use, for example in equation 8.95.
If in equation 8.95, the first several inequalities are met, However one, such as |a4/a3| >> |a5/a4| is not met(an inequality that is later than the first two)..., could you still factor this into a form such as 8.94., and then do you go back and try and factor out the other terms into an approximate form?
I just wanted to make sure that maybe the book did not completely explain the issue.
thanks
Mark
Thursday, February 24, 2011
Getting error when "getZDZN" function gets called (written by Riley)
I am getting the following error when the "getZDZN" function (written by Riley Pack) gets called:
??? Undefined function or variable "Z".
Error in ==> getZDZN at 59 ZD = 1/Z;
Anyone else see that? Would appreciate any help.
Nitish
HW #5, nEET problem, identifying the wrong "R"
Z=R/(1+D/D')^2 ?
that is what I got, but I do not see any other terms, which makes me suspicious that it might be wrong.
thanks
"u" in DCM simuluation model
Wednesday, February 23, 2011
Monday, February 21, 2011
getZDZN function written by Riley
In the getZDZN function written by Riley, I am trying to understand how the statement works and what it does. Can someone help?
if (strcmp(ssm(i,j).InputName, input) && strcmp(ssm(i,j).OutputName, output))
disp('Found G')
G = ssm(i,j);
Thanks,
Nitish Agrawal
Friday, February 18, 2011
setting "n" in the CCM3 model for flyback converter
This is regarding problems 10.4 and 10.10. I am trying to clarify if the CCM3 model should only be used when the transformer in the converter circuit is connected across the diode in the switch (as in the CCM3 equations it is the voltage across the diode switch, E(3,4) that gets divided by the transformer turns ratio). If the transformer in the converter circuit is not connected across the diode (as in the flyback converter), then shouldn't one be able to use the CCM1 model for the switch in that converter?
Thanks,
Nitish Agrawal
Thursday, February 10, 2011
transformer.asy problem!!!
Wednesday, February 9, 2011
HW4 P1: simulation
Tuesday, February 8, 2011
Matlab/Simulink Parameter alteration ?
How can you change a value of a parameter that is down lower in the hierarchy? For example, if you wanted to change Cf of the input filter?
thanks
M
Sunday, February 6, 2011
Thursday, February 3, 2011
Code Question, salient.m
What does the 3 lines do near the end of the code of salient.m .... what is the purpose of doing this?
features.z = z;
features.p = p;
features.dc = dc;
HW 2, problem 1
How do we set the Rload?
Rload = Vout/Iload.
Vout is set by the loop, but b/c we have losses I do not know exactly what Vout is for a given Duty cycle. If I did know it, I could specify the load current based on Vout & the expected Rload. I could derive (by hand) Vout as a function of all losses and elements, then set Iload, but I am assuming I should not do that.
Also, the problem says "Iout = 0", I assume this is meant to be referring to Iload?
Wednesday, February 2, 2011
HW2 Problem 1b (second question)
tilde operator in Matlab?
can you explain to me what the tilde (~) operator does in Matlab?
ex #1: if ~isempty(z)
ex #2: if rem(n,2) ~= 0
thanks
M
Tuesday, February 1, 2011
HW2 Problem 1b
I understand I need to do a loop to find out the pair of RHP zeroes. The question I have is how to transfer the resistance value to the Simulink model. How did you guys do?
Thanks,
Fabio
HW2 Prob1
Is the output of one the input of other? I think I am missing something here...dont know what..
Friday, January 28, 2011
CU Learn Submissions
I go to ECEN 5807 => Homework 1 => Add Attachments
it then brings up a new window, that says "Your location: My Files". I can not browse to anyplace, nor does the help menu give me any information.
I did verify 2 weeks ago I could log in, but I assumed that I would just easily upload the files.
Wednesday, January 26, 2011
Lecture 5 for CAETE students
It would get stuck in buffering for me....
Tuesday, January 25, 2011
Monday, January 24, 2011
HW2 Prob 2
I'm really doubting this is even possible.
Mathworks student version is currently unavailable
HW #1, problem 7.15
When I replace the switches by the model of 7.50 c. I see that for Gvg=vout/vg, then the d^ sources are set to zero. I tried to solve the resulting schematic by doing a mesh current analyses (i1, and i2). However, I end up with a lot more math than I would expect.
Am I missing something? Is there some easier approach or some trick? *If* it was a DC-steady state, I see that the voltage across the inductor would be zero, and the solution is rather simple.
trouble operating Simulink Control Design R2009a with MATLAB R2010a
I only version of Simulink Control Design I was able to purchase as a student was R2009a. This doesn not seem to work with MATLAB R2010a that I have.
Can anyone help with this?
Regards,
Nitish Agrawal
Sunday, January 23, 2011
Echo360
i figure out some problem with this new version of Echo.
it doesn't work with mozilla and bug with explorer.
hm1 pb2
i follow the step by step exemple.....; but i stuck on the state equ, i wrote two equ :
icf = ........; capacitor current
vlf =........; inductor voltage
%output
y = [icf/Cf vlf/Lf];
then i got the following message:
Embedded MATLAB Interface Error: Propagated size of data 'y' (#79) changed when propagating type.
The size was fixed to be '[2]' and now became '[1 2]'.
My question is should i wrote the T(s) equ of the LC filter ? did i miss some state equ?
Saturday, January 22, 2011
HW2 Prob1 Error
??? Error using ==> feval
Trouble solving algebraic loop containing 'syncbuck_OL_Fil_Mak/LC filter/LC filter' at time 0. Stopping simulation. There may be a singularity in the
solution. If the model is correct, try reducing the step size (either by reducing the fixed step size or by tightening the error tolerances).
Error in ==> BodePlotter_script at 8
op = findop(model,op) %calculate model operating point
I'm thinking the problem is related to the load current because I had no issue with Rload = 1kOhm.
Any thoughts on reducing step size or tightening error tolerance so that I still get a reasonable answer...?
Friday, January 21, 2011
Lecture 5
Error in Sim, for Introduction
I am going through the Matlab_Simulink_introduction.pdf, and am stuck on page 10 when I try to run the simulation.
Specifically, I get this error:
" Embedded MATLAB Interface Error: Can not resolve Simulink signal object 'y' for output port 1 of 'syncbuck_OL/SyncBuck/CCM buck'. "
The code in the Embedded Matlab looks fine to me I (I entered the code given on p. 6 ), however, maybe it is not. Any ideas ?
thanks
Mark
Thursday, January 20, 2011
HW1,prob2 help!!
Embedded MATLAB Interface Error: Port width mismatch. Input "u"(#681) expects a one dimensional vector with 5 elements. The signal is a one dimensional vector with 4 elements.
Wednesday, January 19, 2011
Error during simulation
Use 'mex -setup' to select a supported compiler.
Monday, January 17, 2011
HW1 Problem 2 Algebraic Loop
Is anyone else having a problem with an "algebraic loop" in problem 2 of HW#1? I hooked up the ig output of the synchronous buck block to the ig input of the LC filter block, thus creating said loop. I think the problem is that the synchronous buck block requires vg to compute ig, and the LC filter block requires ig to compute vg, thus creating a circular reference. But I'm not sure how to accurately model it otherwise.
Thanks,
Josh
Simulink linearization issue
I am going through the professor's paper on the sync buck model and I am stuck on page 16 (Linearization inputs and outputs). I was able to set the control System Toolbox Preferences but when I right-click on the vc signal, I don't see the option for Linearization Points. Has anybody seem the same issue?
how to specify eps in comparator block
Sunday, January 16, 2011
Linux and Matlab
Just in case anyone can help, I'm chucking this out here in addition to the Ubuntu forums.
I'm running Ubuntu 11.04 and Matlab R2010a, and I get errors trying to simulate due to gcc being too new a version. The forums say it should compile anyway, but it clearly doesn't work. I'm trying to install gcc 4.2.3 - the latest supported by R2010a - but for whatever reason this version of Ubuntu hates it.
If anyone can help me, you can email me directly at sean.gale@gmail.com so this nonsense doesn't take up space on this blog. I'd be grateful, because it's difficult for me to get to campus on my off days to work on this stuff.
Thanks,
S